Semaglutide is an example of which drug class?

• A. SGLT2 inhibitor
• B. DPP-4 inhibitor
• C. Beta-blocker
• D. GLP-1 receptor agonist

Answer: (D)

Semaglutide acts as a GLP-1 receptor agonist. It is a synthetic analogue of human glucagon-like peptide-1 that binds to GLP-1 receptors, mainly on pancreatic beta cells, to enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress glucagon release, helping lower blood glucose. It also slows gastric emptying and promotes satiety, which can aid in weight loss. Its long-acting nature allows once-weekly dosing (and there are oral forms as well). This distinguishes it from SGLT2 inhibitors, which lower glucose by preventing kidney reabsorption; from DPP-4 inhibitors, which prolong endogenous incretin activity but are not receptor agonists; and from beta-blockers, which act on the cardiovascular adrenergic system.